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It is a traditional saying. The earliest LCR test is a real bridge balance test method, which is still used today.

(1) The first thing is to look at the test accuracy of the instrument.

(2) Look at the test frequency of the instrument.

(3) Look at the test level of the instrument.

Others depend on the specific situation of the customer, or you can consult Tonghui Company for technical advice based on the actual situation of the customer.

Yes. For details, please refer to the test signal frequency signal correlation in the article 5. Impedance measurement basics in the technical support of Tonghui website.

Yes, please refer to the technical support of Tonghui website for details.

(1) According to the actual application of the test piece.

(2). According to relevant product standards.

(3). According to customer's own requirements.

(1) Capacitors less than 100pF are measured with 1MHZ frequency, and for medium capacitance (1000pF-10uF) with 1KHZ, 10KHZ, 100KHZ. The national standard for testing medium capacitance is 1KHZ. Electrolysis type such as aluminum electrolysis, tantalum electrolysis, etc. use 100HZ or 120HZ.

(2) From the perspective of level, most capacitors are not sensitive to the level, and the test of different levels does not change much, but some capacitors with large dielectric constant are very sensitive to the level, and the level should be selected carefully.

D and Q are the reciprocal of each other. The calculation method is the ratio of the active power PR (resistor energy consumption) of the device under test to the reactive power PC (capacitor energy storage) or PL (inductor energy storage). The series and parallel equivalent circuits are calculated using the following formula: =Rs/|Xs|,D=|Xp|/Rp, the values ​​of D and Q have nothing to do with the equivalent way.

a. It can be determined by the variability of the loss factor at two different test frequencies. If the frequency increases and the loss increases, the series equivalent circuit should be used. If the frequency increases and the loss decreases, the parallel equivalent circuit should be selected. Circuit. For inductors, the situation is just the opposite of capacitors. In practice, the D of the device cannot be completely proportional to the frequency. It may have components in parallel or in series, depending on which component is dominant. b. Determined according to the final use of the component. If it is used for signal coupling capacitor, it is best to choose the series connection mode, and use the parallel equivalent circuit for bypass or parallel resonance. C. It is customary to say that low-impedance components are connected in series. From a numerical point of view, the impedance must be connected in series if the impedance is less than 100 ohms. If the impedance is greater than 10 kilohms, it must be connected in parallel.

Any device under test can be equivalent to a series circuit or parallel circuit. The series resistance Rs is the resistance part of the series equivalent circuit, and Rs is also called ESR. The parallel resistance Rp is the resistance part of the parallel equivalent circuit. Rp is also called EPR.

Generally speaking, the test speed is at the expense of test accuracy: the faster the speed, the worse the accuracy, the poorer reading stability, and the less effective digits. If you want to test the accuracy, generally choose the slow speed, consider the test speed and test accuracy, choose the medium speed.